A traction elevator, also known as a cable-driven elevator, operates by using a system of steel ropes or belts that pass over a sheave (a pulley) connected to an electric motor. The sheave is located in the machine room, typically at the top of the elevator shaft. The steel ropes are attached to the elevator car on one end and a counterweight on the other. The counterweight balances the weight of the elevator car, reducing the energy required to move the elevator. When the motor turns the sheave, the ropes move, lifting or lowering the elevator car.
Traction elevators are known for their smooth and efficient operation, making them suitable for high-rise buildings. They offer faster speeds and higher travel heights compared to hydraulic elevators. There are two main types: geared and gearless traction elevators. Geared traction elevators have a gearbox that regulates speed, while gearless traction elevators directly connect the motor to the sheave, allowing for faster speeds and smoother rides. Advanced technologies like regenerative drives are often incorporated to enhance energy efficiency by capturing and reusing energy. Traction elevators are preferred in commercial and residential buildings due to their reliability, speed, and ability to serve multiple floors.
